Ptolemy
Claudius Ptolemy (c. AD 90 – c. AD 168) was a Greco-Roman citizen of Egypt who wrote in Greek. He was a mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology.He lived in Egypt under Roman rule, but few reliable details of his life are known.
"Ptolemy." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Ptolemy." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Nicolaus Copernicus
Nicolaus Copernicus (19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543) was a Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who formulated a heliocentric model of the universe which placed the Sun, rather than the Earth, at the center.
"Nicolaus Copernicus." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Nicolaus Copernicus." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Johannes Kepler
Johannes Kepler (December 27, 1571 – November 15, 1630) was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer. A key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution, he is best known for his eponymous laws of planetary motion, codified by later astronomers, based on his works Astronomia nova, Harmonices Mundi, and Epitome of Copernican Astronomy. These works also provided one of the foundations for Isaac Newton's theory of universal gravitation.
"Johannes Kepler." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Johannes Kepler." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Galileo Galilei
Galileo Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642) was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations and support for Copernicanism. Galileo has been called the "father of modern observational astronomy", the "father of modern physics", the "father of science", and "the Father of Modern Science".
"Galileo Galilei." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Galileo Galilei." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Sir Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1727) was an English physicist and mathematician who is widely regarded as one of the most influential scientists of all time and as a key figure in the scientific revolution. His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica("Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy"), first published in 1687, laid the foundations for most of classical mechanics. Newton also made seminal contributions to optics and, as mathematician, he shares credit with Gottfried Leibniz for the invention of the infinitesimal calculus.
"Sir Isaac Newton." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Sir Isaac Newton." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Rene Descartes
René Descartes (31 March 1596 – 11 February 1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician, and writer who spent most of his adult life in the Dutch Republic. He has been dubbed the 'Father of Modern Philosophy', and much subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings, which are studied closely to this day.
"Rene Descartes." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 15 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Rene Descartes." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 15 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon, 1st Viscount St. Alban, (22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626) was an English philosopher, statesman, scientist, jurist, and author. He served both as Attorney General and Lord Chancellor of England. Although his political career ended in disgrace, he remained extremely influential through his works, especially as philosophical advocate and practitioner of the scientific method during the scientific revolution.
"Francis Bacon." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Francis Bacon." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Robert Hooke
Robert Hooke (28 July 1635 – 3 March 1703) was an English natural philosopher, architect and polymath. His adult life comprised three distinct periods: as a scientific inquirer lacking money; achieving great wealth and standing through his reputation for hard work and scrupulous honesty following the great fire of 1666, but eventually becoming ill and party to jealous intellectual disputes. These issues may have contributed to his relative historical obscurity.
"Robert Hooke." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Robert Hooke." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 16 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Andreas Vesalius
Andreas Vesalius (31 December 1514 – 15 October 1564) was a Flemish anatomist, physician, and author of one of the most influential books on human anatomy, De humani corporis fabrica (On the Structure of the Human Body). Vesalius is often referred to as the founder of modern human anatomy. He was professor at the University of Padua and later became Imperial physician at the court of Emperor Charles V.
"Andreas Vesalius." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Andreas Vesalius." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Ambrose Pare
Ambroise Paré (c. 1510 – 20 December 1590) was a French barber surgeon who served in that role for kings Henry II, Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III. He is considered one of the fathers of surgery and modern forensic pathology and a pioneer in surgical techniques and battlefield medicine, especially in the treatment of wounds. He was also an anatomist and invented several surgical instruments.
"Ambroise Pare." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Ambroise Pare." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
William Harvey
William Harvey (1 April 1578 – 3 June 1657) was an English physician. He was the first to describe completely and in detail the systemic circulation and properties of blood being pumped to the body by the heart, though earlier writers had provided precursors of the theory. After his death the William Harvey Hospital was constructed in the town of Ashford, several miles from his birthplace of Folkestone.
"William Harvey." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"William Harvey." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Robert Boyle
Robert Boyle, (25 January 1627 – 31 December 1691) was a 17th-century natural philosopher, chemist, physicist, and inventor, also noted for his writings in theology. He has been variously described as Irish, English and Anglo-Irish, his father having come to Ireland from England during the time of the Plantations.
"Robert Boyle." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Robert Boyle." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
Antoine Lavoisier
Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (26 August 1743 – 8 May 1794), the "father of modern chemistry," was a French nobleman prominent in the histories of chemistry and biology. He named both oxygen (1778) and hydrogen (1783) and predicted silicon (1787). He helped construct the metric system, put together the first extensive list of elements, and helped to reform chemical nomenclature. He was also the first to establish that sulfur was an element (1777) rather than a compound. He discovered that, although matter may change its form or shape, its mass always remains the same.
"Antoine Lavoisier." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
"Antoine Lavoisier." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Mar. 2013. Web. 17 Mar. 2013.
scientific method: The scientific process to form a result from a set of data.
sun-centered universe: A theory that the Earth rotates around the Sun, not the other way around.
sun-centered universe: A theory that the Earth rotates around the Sun, not the other way around.